Nissan has recently unveiled a 100-percent electric emergency response vehicle concept, a vehicle that is designed to provide a mobile power supply following natural disasters or extreme weather.
According to Nissan, the RE-LEAF working prototype is based on the Nissan LEAF passenger car, the world’s first mass-production electric car. Alongside modifications to navigate roads covered in debris, the RE-LEAF features weatherproof plug sockets mounted directly to the exterior of the vehicle, which enable 110-to 230-volt devices to be powered from the car’s high-capacity lithium-ion battery.
The vehicle can be driven into the center of a disaster zone and provide a fully mobile power supply to aid the recovery process. The integrated energy management system can run medical, communications, lighting, heating and other life-supporting equipment.
In a press statement, Helen Perry, head of electric passenger cars and infrastructure of Nissan Europe, said, “We’re constantly exploring ways that electric vehicles can enrich our lives, beyond just zero-emission transportation. Concepts like the RE-LEAF show the possible application of EVs in disaster management and demonstrate that smarter, cleaner technology can help save lives and provide greater resilience.”
Natural disasters are the biggest cause of power outages. In a report conducted by the World Bank, natural shocks and climate change caused 37-percent of outages in Europe between 2000 and 2017, and 44-percent of outages in the U.S. over the same period in 2019. When a disaster hits, the time for electricity supply to be restored is typically 24 to 48 hours, depending on the severity of the damage. During that period, electric vehicles can provide zero-emission mobile emergency power.
The Japanese carmaker created the RE-LEAF to demonstrate the potential of electric vehicles in disaster recovery. Although it’s just a working concept, the technology is already being used in the real world. In Japan, Nissan has used the LEAF to provide emergency power and transportation following natural disasters since 2011, and the company has formed partnerships with more than 60 local governments to support disaster relief efforts.
Nissan EVs can also act as mobile storage batteries to supply homes and society with electricity during non-emergency situations through Nissan Energy Share, creating a distributable energy model that can be used to help stabilize supply and demand. The RE-LEAF uses the LEAF’s bidirectional charging ability, a standard feature of the model since its introduction in 2010. This means the LEAF can not only “pull” power to recharge the high-capacity battery, but also “push” it back to the grid through V2G(Vehicle-to-Grid) technology, or directly to electric devices through V2X (Vehicle-to-everything).
“Electric vehicles are emerging as one of the technologies that can improve resilience in the power sector,” adds Perry. “By having thousands of EVs available on standby, either as disaster support vehicles or plugged into the network through Vehicle-to-Grid, they’re uniquely capable of creating a virtual power plant to maintain a supply of energy.”
The latest generation Nissan LEAF e+ with a fully charged 62 kilowatt-hour battery can provide enough electricity to power the average European household for six days. As a disaster recovery vehicle, the RE-LEAF can power multiple devices simultaneously. Once electricity is restored to the area, EVs can be recharged and provide zero-emission transport – up to 385 kilometers on a single charge of a LEAF e+ battery.